![]() Weltzien as professor of chemistry and director of the chemical laboratories at the Karlsruhe Polytechnic Institute. The same year he married Johanna Volkmann they had four children. ![]() Meyer was called to the School of Forestry at Neustadt-Eberswalde in 1866 for his first independent position. From a flimsy pamphlet it grew to a stalely volume, and it has generally been recognized as the best presentation of the fundamental principles of chemistry until the physicochemical movement began,” 1 In a brief obituary in 1895 the book was described as “not especially well received at first, but as years passed it exerted a more and more powerful influence on the thoughts of chemists. Meyer edited Cannizzaro’s paper for Oslwald’s Klassiker der Exacten Wissenschaften and describes in that work how “the scales fell from my eyes and my doubts disappeared and were replaced by a feeling of quiet certainty.” Meyer’s Moderne Theorien was a direct outcome of that experience. Meyer had attended the 1860 Karlsruhe Congress, where he heard Cannizzaro and read his paper on the use of Avogadro’s hypothesis and the law of Dulong and Petit in establishing atomic weights and formulas. It went through five editions and was translated into English, French, and Russian. During his stay at Breslau the first edition of his Die modernen Theorien der Chemie umi ihre Bedeutung für die chemische Statik appeared (1864). In February 1859 Meyer established himself as Privatdozent in physics and chemistry at Breslau with a critical historical work, “Ü die chemischen Lehren von Berthollet und Berzelius.” That same spring he took over the direction of the chemical laboratory in the physiological institute and lectured on organic, inorganic, physiological, and biological chemistry. When he moved to Breslau in 1858, this investigation was accepted by the Philosophy Faculty as his dissertation for the Ph.D. He also pursued there his earlier physiological interests by studying the effect of carbon monoxide on the blood. ![]() Lectures by Kirchhoff moved Meyer further toward physical chemistry.Īt the suggestion of his brother, Meyer moved to Königsberg in the fall of 1856, to attend Franz Neumann’s lectures on mathematical physics. Kekulé were in Heidelberg at the same time. The latter’s work on gas analysis particularly attracted him, and in 1856 Meyer completed his investigation Ueber die Gase des Blutes, which was accepted by the Würzburg Faculty of Medicine as his doctoral dissertation. Encouraged by Carl Ludwig, his former physiology professor at Zurich, Meyer turned from medicine to physiological chemistry and went to Heidelberg to study under Bunsen. In the summer of that year Meyer began to study medicine at the University of Zurich, and in 1853 he moved to Würzburg, where Virchow was lecturing on pathology. After a year his health was sufficiently restored for him to enter the Gymnasium at Oldenburg, from which he graduated in 1851. Delicate in his early years, he suffered such severe headaches at age fourteen that his father advised complete discontinuance of academic studies and placed him as an assistant to the chief gardener at the summer palace of the grand duke of Oldenburg, at Rastede. Brought up as a Lutheran, Meyer first attended a private school, then the newly founded Bürgerschule in Varel, supplementing this education with private instruction in Latin and Greek. Both Lothar and his brother, Oskar Emil, later a physicist, began their studies with the intention of entering medicine. His mother, the former Anna Sophie Wilhelmine Biermann, was the daughter of another physician of that town. ![]() (Julius) Lothar Meyer was the fourth of seven children of Heinrich Friedrich August Jacob Meyer, a prominent physician in Varel. Varel, Oldenburg, Germany, 19 August 1830 d.
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